Indigenous Australians

Non-Indigenous Australians

Rate ratio Indigenous versus
non-Indigenous with asthma
(95% CI)

Comorbidity

Current asthma %
(95% CI)^(a)

No
asthma %
(95% CI)^(a)

Rate ratio asthma vs
no asthma
(95% CI)

Current asthma %
(95% CI)^(a)

No
asthma %
(95% CI)^(a)

Rate ratio asthma vs
no asthma
(95% CI)

Emphysema or bronchitis

12.5
(9.3–15.7)

3.5
(2.7–4.3)

3.6
(2.3–5.7)

10.0
(8.6–11.5)

2.2
(2.0–2.4)

4.6
(3.4–6.1)

1.2
(0.9–1.7)

Sinusitis or rhinitis

35.1
(29.4–40.9)

13.7
(12.0–15.5)

2.6
(2.0–3.3)

40.0
(36.9–43.1)

19.0
(18.3–19.7)

2.1
(1.9–2.4)

0.9
(0.7–1.0)

Other respiratory conditions (excluding asthma)

1.2
(0.6–1.8)

1.3
(0.9–1.7)

0.9
(0.5–1.6)

1.2
(0.7–1.8)

0.7
(0.6–0.8)

1.8
(1.0–3.2)

1.0
(0.5–1.8)

Heart, stroke, and
vascular disease

7.4
(4.9–9.9)

5.6
(4.0–7.2)

1.3
(0.8–2.1)

4.9
(3.9–5.8)

3.6
(3.3–3.9)

1.4
(1.1–1.7)

1.5
(1.0–2.4)

Diabetes and high sugar levels

14.5
(10.0–18.9)

12.2
(10.6–13.8)

1.2
(0.8–1.7)

4.8
(3.8–5.8)

3.5
(3.2–3.8)

1.4
(1.1–1.8)

3.0
(1.8–5.1)

Arthritis and osteoporosis

24.9
(19.5–30.4)

17.2
(14.6–19.7)

1.5
(1.1–1.9)

22.4
(20.2–24.7)

15.4
(14.9–15.9)

1.5
(1.3–1.6)

1.1
(0.9–1.4)

Mental and behavioural disorders

19.0
(15.8–22.1)

10.2
(8.9–11.4)

1.9
(1.5–2.4)

13.6
(12.0–15.3)

8.1
(7.6–8.5)

1.7
(1.4–2.0)

1.4
(1.1–1.7)

Cancer

2.2
(1.1–3.4)

1.1
(0.7–1.6)

2.0
(0.9–4.3)

3.3
(2.4–4.2)

1.8
(1.6–2.0)

1.9
(1.3–2.7)

0.7
(0.4–1.2)